The most common type of fire fighting systems is the one based on the use of water; Therefore, an adequate and well-maintained water supply is essential.
Pumps are included in a piping system to convert mechanical energy (managed by a drive mechanism) into hydraulic energy. This additional energy allows a fluid to be transmitted from one place to another when it is not feasible to flow by gravity.
They are capable of maintaining sufficient pressures and flows for long periods of time and can be a fundamental part of installations that require higher water pressures than could be obtained by other means.
It can be started manually, although normally its start is automatic, activated through a pressure drop in the system or by opening a fire extinguishing device. Automatic start requires control equipment. They are required to provide, without interruption, the necessary water flow and pressure for our firefighting system.
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There are two common types of fire pumps: horizontal split-casing pumps and vertical centrifugal pumps.
Types of fire pumps
I. Horizontal split casing pumps
They are the most common type of fire pump. They are recommended when the water supply source is located above the ground surface, which provides positive suction pressure to the pump at any performance point.
II. Vertical centrifugal pumps
They pump water from wells, which is why they had been called “deep well centrifugal pumps.”
A pumping system consists of all components required from the water supply connection to the building water connection to operate the fire pump safely and effectively.
Fire pump components
Check valve
Backflow in a pump can cause it to rotate in reverse causing damage. This valve helps us avoid reflux and maintain the liquid under pressure.
Butterfly valve
This valve is normally closed; It is only opened in test procedures to supply water to the flow measurement elements.
OS&Y Gate Valve
It is used for insulation purposes only. This valve, combined with the pump suction control valve, provides the ability to isolate the fire pump with all its accessories for any necessary repairs.
Flowmeter
Provides a method for measuring pump water flow.
diesel pump controller
Fire pump controllers are used to start and stop the pumps.
Jockey Pump Controller
It is used to start the jockey pump when the pressure in the fire system decreases to a preset level, and to stop the jockey pump when the pressure in the fire system increases to a preset level.
Jockey Pump
This pump is used to maintain pressure in the system by compensating for small leaks or temperature variations. With this we foresee the operation of the diesel pump unless there is a significant flow of water.
Motor
It drives the fire pump.
diesel pump
It receives movement from the motor to propel the water at a certain pressure.
diesel tank dam
Need for a diesel tank that provides the necessary amount of fuel to ensure the operating time of the diesel pump.